The 180° meridian The Equator and the Prime Meridian The North Pole and the South Pole The Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn The Arctic Circles

The direction of north on a map The line around which the Earth rotates The continental boundary The Prime Meridian The Equator

The line running through the poles The longest parallel dividing the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres Tropic of Cancer Arctic Circle Prime Meridian

Ferdinand Magellan Marco Polo James Cook Vasco da Gama Christopher Columbus

1 cm on the map corresponds to 2 km on the ground 1 cm on the map is 2 m on the ground 1 cm on the map is 200 km on the ground. 1 cm on the map is 200 m on the ground 1 cm on the map is 20 km on the ground

Only climate Only images of features Only city names Various landscape elements, e.g., water, forests, elevations Only country borders

In kilometers In percentage As a fraction, e.g., 1:100,000 In words without numbers. In square meters

Height in relation to the national border Height in relation to a city Height in relation to the ocean Height above sea level Height difference between two points

Shows a small area in high detail Contains a color legend Contains only country borders Shows a large area in low detail Contains many images

23.5° north latitude 45° latitude 0° latitude 90° north latitude 66.5° north latitude