Construction of new cities Mutual cultural influence Introduction of a new calendar Ban on the use of Lithuanian Introduction of Polish as the official language

Louis I of Hungary John Albert Casimir the Great Sigismund of Luxembourg Władysław the Elbow-high

1395 1375 1380 1385 1390

Increase in trade importance Industrialization Introduction of a new currency Agrarian reform Export of raw materials

Warsaw Gniezno Wrocław Kraków Poznań

Construction of new fortresses Reduction in the number of troops End of wars with neighbors Introduction of new war technologies Increase in military strength

1382 1384 1386 1390 1388

Construction of new fortresses Introduction of new war technologies Increase in military strength Reduction in the number of troops End of wars with neighbors

Introduction of Christianity in Lithuania Reformation Union of Brest Eastern Schism Northern Crusade

Religious unification End of civil wars Introduction of absolute monarchy Territorial division Unification against common enemies