1434 1428 1428 1453 1444 1410

At Golubac At Khotyn At Kircholm At Varna At Golubac At Grunwald

July 12, 1410 June 12, 1410 August 15, 1410 June 15, 1410 July 15, 1410 July 15, 1410

Increase in military strength of Poland and Lithuania Construction of new fortresses Introduction of new war technologies Increase in military strength of Poland and Lithuania Reduction in the number of troops End of wars with neighbors

Fields of Grunwald Fields of Kircholm Fields of Grunwald Fields of Varna Fields of Khotyn Fields of Legnica

1410 1414 1411 1413 1411 1412

Export of raw materials Increase in trade importance Industrialization Increase in trade importance Agrarian reform Introduction of a new currency

Increase in Poland's prestige Religious unification Territorial division Introduction of absolute monarchy End of civil wars Increase in Poland's prestige

Union of Krewo First Peace of Toruń Union of Brest Union of Lublin First Peace of Toruń Second Peace of Toruń

Introduction of a new calendar Ban on the use of Lithuanian Construction of new cities Mutual cultural influence Introduction of Polish as the official language Mutual cultural influence